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Weather station is a facility used to observe and record meteorological elements with the aim of providing meteorological data and information for use in weather forecasting, climate research, agriculture, transport and other areas. Weather stations are usually equipped with a variety of instruments and devices to measure and monitor meteorological parameters, including air temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, etc.
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Professional weather stations are facilities managed and operated by professional meteorological agencies or organisations for the collection, observation and recording of meteorological elements and the generation of meteorological data and forecast information. These stations are usually equipped with various instruments and devices, including thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, anemometers, precipitation gauges, etc., to obtain accurate measurements of various meteorological parameters.
The data and observations from professional weather stations are of great significance in the fields of meteorological forecasting, climate research, disaster defence, agriculture, transportation and energy supply.
The data collected through professional weather stations can be used for the formulation of meteorological policies and planning, the study of trends in meteorological changes, weather forecasting and climate analysis.
Portable weather stations | Rain gauge | Ultrasonic weather stations | Pyranometer(Solar Radiation Sensor) |
Measured | Measuring range | Resolution | Precision |
Humidity | 0~100%RH | 0.1%RH | ±0.5℃ |
Temperature | -40~80℃ | 0.1℃ | ±5%RH |
Atmospheric pressure | 10~1200hPa | 0.1hPa | ±1.5hPa |
Soil temperature | -40~80℃ | 0.1℃ | ±0.5℃ |
Soil Humidity (moisture) | 0-100%RH | 0.1%RH | ±5%RH |
Conductivity | 0-10000us/cm | 1us/cm | ±5% |
Wind speed | 0~70m/s | 0.1m/s | ±(0.3+0.03V)m/s |
wind direction | 0~360° | - | ±3° |
Noise | 30~130dB | - | - |
Illuminance | 0-200000Lux | - | ±7% |
Rainfall | 0-4mm/min | 0.2mm | ±4% |
PM2.5/PM10 | 0-2000μg/m3 | - | ±15% |
Solar radiation | 0~2000W/m2 | - | ≤5% |
CO2 | 0~2000ppm | 1ppm | ±7% |
Supply mode | 220V | DC12-24V | solar power optional |
Anemometer Wind Speed sensor | Wind direction sensor | Tipping bucket rain gauge sensor | Tipping bucket rain gauge sensor | Piezoelectric Rain Gauge |
Atmospheric Temperature Humidity air pressure Sensor | ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor | 5 in1 Ultrasonic Weather Station Sensor | 6 in1 Ultrasonic Weather Station Sensor | 7 in1 Ultrasonic Weather Station Sensor |
Solar Radiation Sensor | Solar Radiation Sensor | Photosynthetically Active Radiation Sensor; | illumination sensor | Ultrasonic Snow Depth Sensor |
Noise measurement sensor | Carbon dioxide(CO2) sensor | PM2.5 and PM10 sensors | Visibility sensors | Soil Moisture Temperature sensor |
Weather station is a facility used to observe and record meteorological elements with the aim of providing meteorological data and information for use in weather forecasting, climate research, agriculture, transport and other areas. Weather stations are usually equipped with a variety of instruments and devices to measure and monitor meteorological parameters, including air temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, etc.
1. thermometers: instruments for measuring air temperature, commonly dry-bulb thermometers and wet-bulb thermometers.
2. hygrometer: an instrument that measures the humidity of the air, commonly known as a hygrometer and dew-point thermometer.
3. barometers: instruments for measuring atmospheric pressure, commonly known as mercury barometers and barometers.
4. anemometers: instruments for measuring wind speed, commonly found are cup anemometers and ultrasonic anemometers.
5. anemometer: an instrument for measuring wind direction, commonly found are wind vane and wind sensor.
6. Precipitation meters: Instruments that measure precipitation, commonly rain gauges and rain sensors.
These instruments and devices generate meteorological data by making observations and records, either automatically or manually. These data are usually collected, analysed and distributed by professional meteorological agencies to provide accurate weather forecasts and climate information.
The location of meteorological stations is usually chosen with consideration of climatic representativeness and coverage to ensure the representativeness and reliability of the observed data. Some meteorological stations are located in cities, villages or on the sea, while others are located in mountainous, desert or polar regions.
Data from meteorological stations have a wide range of applications in various fields, including agricultural disaster defence, water resource management, energy supply planning, and transport safety. The data also play an important role in climate change research and environmental protection.
1. Weather forecasting and disaster warning: Specialised weather stations provide accurate meteorological data to support weather forecasting and disaster warning by monitoring atmospheric parameters such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and precipitation. Weather stations can help predict extreme weather events such as heavy rain, typhoons and tornadoes, and take measures in advance to reduce losses.
2. Agricultural production: Agricultural weather stations can provide meteorological data required for agricultural production, such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, etc., to help farmers rationally arrange agricultural activities such as planting, irrigation, fertilisation, etc., so as to improve crop yield and quality.
3. Aerospace: Professional weather stations are very important to the aerospace field, providing meteorological information in the air, on the ground and at high altitude to help pilots and air traffic control authorities to make flight decisions and ensure flight safety.
4. Energy use: data from specialised weather stations can be used for the assessment and planning of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, helping to determine the optimal location of energy facilities and capacity planning.
5. Construction: Meteorological station data are important for construction works, providing a basis for building design and material selection, as well as contributing to risk assessment and safety management.
6. Environmental monitoring: weather stations are able to monitor environmental parameters such as atmospheric pollutants, ozone concentration, particulate matter, etc., providing important data support for environmental monitoring and protection.
7. Scientific research and education: data from professional weather stations can be used for climate research, atmospheric science research and meteorological education, providing basic data for the development of related disciplines.
To sum up, professional weather stations have important application scenarios and values in weather forecasting, disaster warning, agricultural production, aerospace, energy utilisation, construction engineering, environmental monitoring, scientific research and education, etc., and provide necessary meteorological data support for various fields of the society.
1. Location: Choose a weather station that is located in an area with a good representation of the climate. This means that the meteorological conditions in the area are a good representation of the climate of the surrounding area.
2. Coverage: Consider the range of application of the required meteorological data and select a weather station that can cover the target area. If data are needed for a specific area, choose a weather station close to that area.
3. Equipment and instruments: Find out the type and quality of equipment and instruments that the weather station is equipped with. Ensure that the weather station has the necessary instruments to measure the required meteorological parameters and can provide accurate and reliable data.
4. Data quality and reliability: Understand the data quality control and calibration procedures of the meteorological station. Ensure that the weather station takes the necessary measures to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data.
5. Data access and sharing: Understand how data are accessed and shared at the weather station. Ensure that the weather station is able to provide the required data and has an appropriate data sharing policy.
6. Accessibility and maintainability: Consider the accessibility and maintainability of the weather station. Select a weather station that is easy to maintain and manage to ensure data continuity and reliability.
7. Monitoring frequency and time span: Understand the frequency and time span of observations of the weather station. Select a weather station that is capable of providing observations within the required time span according to the need.
These are some of the important factors in selecting a suitable weather station. Depending on the specific needs and applications, other factors can be further considered in depth to make the best choice.
Pre-installation check: Before installing the weather station, you need to check whether the package is intact, open the package to check whether the weather sensors are complete, whether the weather station bracket, collector and transmission module, solar panels and batteries, the backend computer side of whether these are complete.
Installation environmental requirements: the installation of the weather station requires that there should be no high buildings around the shade, the higher the building is likely to affect its own monitoring results, such as wind speed, wind direction will be affected by the higher buildings. In addition, the weather station itself is also relying on sensors to monitor the meteorological elements of information, the sensors themselves are more sophisticated, so the principle of strong magnetic fields and strong radiation areas, such as the principle of poles and transformers, to ensure that the results of monitoring.
Installation details: weather station to ensure that the service life of the need for professional installation, installation needs to be gently held and put, can not be violent treatment of the equipment, in addition to the installation of the need to ensure that the equipment is clean, can not scribble on the equipment.
Select a good installation site: if the land is best to do a good job of cement foundation. The bracket and rain barrel need to be installed expansion screws fixed. It is better to add the cement foundation after the expansion screws are put on.
In some coastal areas, wind cables have to be pulled on the tripod to ensure its wind resistance. Especially the weather station installed on the roof of the building must also do a good job of lightning protection measures, the installation of lightning rods.
For the 220V or 110V utility wiring problems, to take into account the safety of electricity and the installation of the appearance of the effect according to the buyer's requirements and site-specific wiring, the periphery of the wire should be set on the PVC pipe. In order to ensure safety, the wires try to go to the wall overhead. If you have to go underground to PVC pipe must be set to prevent water leakage, and install a good air switch to prevent personal safety accidents.
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