Sensors used in greenhouses include: temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, soil moisture sensors and wind speed sensors. These sensors help the greenhouse manager to monitor the various parameters of the environment in the greenhouse so that timely action can be taken to regulate and optimise the growing conditions in the greenhouse.

Sensors are commonly used in outdoor agriculture: temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, wind speed sensors, rain sensors, soil EC sensors. These sensors help farmers and farm managers to monitor the environment in the public sector to improve the quality and yield of crops while reducing the cost and waste of resources in agricultural production.

Precision agriculture technology is an information-based agricultural management system that uses sensors as well as monitoring technologies to obtain necessary data about the land, make reasonable management measures based on the previous interactions of environmental factors affecting crop growth, and quantitatively control crop inputs and operations.

IOT technology combined with modern agricultural technology can realize the intelligent cultivation of agricultural products, better guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products, easy and fast traceability of agricultural products and agricultural production information, etc.

IoT is mainly divided into 3 levels.The first level is sensor network, including RFID (radio frequency identification), barcode, sensors and other devices, whose role is to realize the sensing, identification, screening and collection of information.

In the process of crop growth, ecological environmental factors such as light, water, temperature, humidity, soil acidity and alkalinity, carbon dioxide, etc. play a comprehensive role, and any change in environmental factors may have an impact on crop growth, and there are differences in the requirements of environmental factors for different crop growth.

The specific application of IOT technology in agriculture has brought epoch-making changes in agriculture, people can understand the growth environment and growth situation of crops on the Internet, and agricultural IOT can realize the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of crop pests and diseases.

With the growth of economy and population, water resources are becoming more and more a hot issue of concern. Therefore, the exploration of water-saving irrigation system has become the focus of many experts to study irrigation. Irrigation system includes the number of irrigation, irrigation quota (i.e. the amount of irrigation each time) and irrigation interval.

Modern greenhouse fertilization technology is carried out simultaneously with micro-sprinkler irrigation, i.e., water and fertilizer are used, which can be done quickly and over a large area, and fertilization is uniform, labor-saving, time-saving, safe and avoids waste.

Greenhouse shading is the use of materials with a certain degree of light transmission to block part of the excess light, so as to ensure the normal growth of greenhouse crops need light, but also to prevent the excess solar radiation energy gathered in the greenhouse, resulting in high indoor temperatures. Greenhouse shading is divided into outdoor shading and indoor shading.